BHĀRAT GAṆARĀJYA	INDIA
State: WEST BENGAL
District: Kolkata

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• bn: কলকাতা (Kalkātā) • en: Kolkata, Calcutta

• es, ro: Calcuta • pt: Calcutá • hu: Kalkáta • hr, lt, lv, pl: Kalkuta • tr: Kalküta • de: Kalkutta • cs: Kolkátá
• el: Καλκούτα
• mk, sr: Калкута • be: Калькута • ru, uk: Калькутта • be, bg, mk, ru, sr, uk: Колката

Kolkata (in Bengal: কলকাতা, IAST: Kalkātā; in English: Kolkata, until 2001 Calcutta), the capital and largest city of India's state of West Bengal, is situated at an elevation of 1.5%ndash;9 m rouhgly meridionally on the east bank of the Hooghly River, about 75 km west of the international border with Bangladesh. Kolkata is the seventh most populous city in India with an estimated city proper population of 4.5 million while its metropolitan region Kolkata Metropolitan Area is the third most populous metropolitan region of India with a metro population of over 15 million. Kolkata is regarded by many sources as the cultural capital of India and a historically and culturally significant city in the historic region of Bengal.

The three villages that predated Calcutta were ruled by the Nawab of Bengal under Mughal suzerainty. After the Nawab granted the East India Company a trading license in 1690, the area was developed by the Company into Fort William. Under company and later crown rule, Calcutta served as the de facto capital of India until 1911. Calcutta was the second largest city in the British Empire, after London, and was the centre of bureaucracy, politics, law, education, science and the arts in India. The city was associated with many of the figures and movements of the Bengali Renaissance. It was the hotbed of the Indian nationalist movement. The partition of Bengal in 1947 affected the fortunes of the city. Following independence in 1947, Kolkata, which was once the premier centre of Indian commerce, culture, and politics, suffered many decades of political violence and economic stagnation before it rebounded. In the late 20th century, the city hosted the government-in-exile of Bangladesh during the Bangladesh Liberation War in 1971. The city was later overtaken by Mumbai (formerly Bombay) as India's largest city. The official name of the city, until then Calcutta, was changed to Kolkata (কলকাতা or Kalkātā in Bengal) in 2001.

Glass no. 4882 shows the colonial coat of arms of the city, which was officially granted on 26 December 1898. Its heraldic description is:
Arms: Per chevron or and sable, a lion passant guardant gules, between two palm-trees eradicated in chief vert, and a ship under sail in base argent.
Crest: Issuant out of an Eastern Crown, a sea-lion holding in the dexter paw a lotus-flower leaved and slipped proper.
Motto: "Per ardua stabilis esto"
Supporters: On either side a representation of an adjutant-bird holding in the beak a serpent proper, charged on the shoulder with an Eastern Crown or.

Glass no. 4882 is additionally decorated with a sterling silver rim, hallmarked in Birmingham in 1905; the maker's mark identifies the rim as a product of Marks & Cohen (Walter Henry Marks and Samuel Tobias Cohen).

[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kolkata; https://www.heraldry-wiki.com/wiki/Kolkata]